Stavropol part. A historical-geographic part about Russian Federation located in the main area from Subcaucasia, between the Kuban Lake (and you can Kuban region) on western, this new Terek area to the the southern area of, new Wear region towards northern, the fresh Kalmyk Autonomous Republic toward northeast, plus the places of your Caucasian hill individuals south and southwest. The latest Stavropol area fundamentally matches during the territory into the previous Stavropol gubernia (within the 18611920 boundary, 59,five-hundred sq . kilometer) additionally the later on Stavropol krai, faster new Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous oblast (66,five-hundred sq . kilometer).
Bodily topography. The big part of the Stavropol part is actually filled by the Stavropol Upland; the brand new minor portion has parts of the fresh Caspian Lowland throughout the eastern, the brand new Kuma-Manych Anxiety regarding the northern, plus the mountain tops of your own Caucasus Mountains on southwestern. This new environment of one’s Stavropol region is transformation, off temperate continental in the western so you can drier and more continental about east. The greater of them range from the Yegorlyk (and that moves on the Manych), the fresh Kalaus, this new Kuma, and the Kuban and its higher tributaries, the fresh Velykyi Zelenchuk and the Malyi Zelenchuk (find Zelenchuk rivers). River water can be used to have irrigation. Short, mostly saline lakes are plentiful; the most significant is the slim however, 160-km-a lot of time River Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
Although located Stavropol region stayed sparsely inhabited of the nomadic Nogay Tatars (a Turkic-talking anyone) and you will Kalmyk anyone (a great Mongol-speaking group), whom together numbered regarding the 80,000
This new soils on the west and you may main part of the Stavropol region was some chernozems and you will chestnut earth; on the eastern and you will northeast it getting light chestnut. The latest pure flowers and alter eastward that have declining humidity, regarding meadow fescuefeather yard steppe to deceased fescuefeather lawn steppe then semidesert plant life of wormwood, dry fescue, and you may feather grass. Regarding so much more humid an element of the Stavropol Upland as well as in brand new Caucasus foothills the latest sheer plants is actually forest-steppe that have oak-hornbeam-beech forests. Now both steppe therefore the tree-steppe are practically completely removed for farming.
History. About mid-16th century the latest Caucasus as well as the Stavropol area started initially to been into contact with Muscovite colonization. In the 16th and you may seventeenth years Subcaucasia educated the newest beginnings off Cossack colonization (the fresh Don Cossacks regarding the western and also the Terek Cossacks during the new east). Caucasian hill individuals, the fresh new Karachai in addition to Cherkess, lived in the brand new hills of part.
Early in the latest eighteenth century the fresh Stavropol area nominally turned the main Russian Kingdom. Permanent settlements, although not, were not based until the past one-fourth of your century, when, inside the 177780, this new Russian government oriented a type of forts, the Mozdok-Azov line, having head office at Stavropol, so you’re able to keep the Caucasian mountain individuals. From the 1785 brand new Stavropol region formed section of Caucasus oblast, that was redesignated a gubernia in 1802. Following the several name alter it absolutely was appointed as the Stavropol gubernia from inside the 1847. Its borders had been ultimately repaired inside the 1861, if it try split from Terek oblast. In contrast to Kuban oblast and Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (as 1898) was not element of Caucasus krai.
Until the 1930s the new Stavropol part is paid of the one another Ukrainians and Russians, and constituted part of contiguous, albeit blended, Ukrainian ethnographic area
This new Russian regulators marketed the fresh fast colonization of Stavropol area to expose a base having armed forces techniques throughout the Caucasus. Element of that aim is achieved by brand new granting of choice tracts out of home so you can Russian noblemen, just who settled these with the serfs. A more high cause for colonization, however, are the fresh new spontaneous settlement of the condition peasants who were unimpeded by the fresh main government. In fact brand new imperial government legalized extant says into the ukase out of 1804 and considering assistance to those that has compensated in the the brand new Stavropol region. Towards the end of your 1850s the populace off Stavropol gubernia got increased to 340,000 (5.5 people per sq . kilometer). The only town, Stavropol, became from around step 3,000 people into the 1800 so you can 17,600 citizens into the 1853. One particular heavily compensated parts were new steppes between the Yegorlyk additionally the Kalaus canals while the Kalaus River area. The populace out of Stavropol gubernia (including Terek oblast) when you look at the 1853 contained 48.seven % Cossacks, thirty two per cent condition peasants, sixteen.dos percent nomadic herders, and you can step three.one percent serfs while others.
